Pump



Jill? 1952 M. J. BERLYN ET AL 2,601,830

I PUMP Filed May 14, 1949 9 Sheets-Sheet 1 INVENTORS.

-MARTIN J. BERLYN ARL. H. NYSTRCM ENv July l, 1952 M. J. BERLYN ET AL PUMP 9 Sheets-Sheet 2 File May 14, 1949 INVENTORS.

MARFIN J. BERLYN CARL H. NYSTROM By' 74M ATTORNEY.

July 1, 1952 M. J. BERLYN ETAL PUMP 9 Sheets-Sheet 3 Filed May 14, 1949 IN VEN TORS. MARTIN J. BERD/N BY CARL. H. NYS-FROM ATTO/@NIK July 1, 1952 M. J. BERLYN x-:TAL 2,601,830

PUMP

Filed May 14, 1949 9 Sheets-SheeiI 4 VENTORS. MAR N J. BERLYN CARL H. NYSTROM July 1, 1952 M. J. BERLYN ET AL PUMP Filed May 14, Y 1949 lll July 1, 1952 M. J. BERLYN ETAL 2,601,830

PUMP

Filed May 14, 1949 9 Sheets-Sheet 6 INVENTORS. MARTIN 1. BERLYN CARL x-L NYsT ROM 'July l, 1952 M. J. BERLYN ET AL 2,601,830

PUMP

9 Sheets-Sheet 7 Filed May 14, 1949 INVENTORS. MARTIN J. BERLYN CARL H. NYS-FROM July 1, 1952 M. ,1. BERLYN r-:TAL 2,601,830

PUMP Filed May 14, 1949 9 sheets-sheet e nulm ca Q 63 'r 59 7, Q 8 @j i -J @D q a 2S 346 .a4

34 21 a O 'b F .zl '9. E

` JNVENToRs.

MARTIN J. BERLYN CARL. H. NYSTROMI July 1, 1952 M. J. BELYN ET AL 2,601,830

PUMP

Filed May 14, 1949 9 sheets-sheet 9 INVENTORS. MARTIN .1 BERLYN l CARL H. NYSTROM BY ATTORNEY.

Patented July 1, 1952 UNITEDSTATES PATENT OFFICE PUMP Martin J. Berlyn, Enfield, Conn., and Carl H. Nystrom, West Springfield, Mass., assignors to American Bosch Corporation,

Springfield,

12 Claims. 1

This invention relates to a new and improved fuel injection or metering pump of the type in which all the fuel discharges from a single outlet and in which the displacement of fluid per pump revolution is infinitely adjustable from zero delivery to lche maximum capacity of the pump.

An object of the invention is to provide a new and improved relatively compact swash plate type pump embodying a new and improved control arrangement.

Another object of the invention is to provide a low ypressure centrifugal boosteror supply pump and a higher pressure delivery pump and wherein the booster pump may be employed to boost or increase the pressure offuel supplied thereto and supply such fuel to the higher pressure pump.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type set forth wherein both centrifugal pumping and reciprocating plunger pumping actions may be employed.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a device which is relatively compact and light weight and wherein the fluid pumped is ernployed as a lubricating or wetting agent making unnecessary the provision of any separate system of lubrication with grease or lubricating oil.

Another object of the invention is to `provide a pump of the type set for-th which is of the barrel type and which may employ a rotating plunger housing of such form as to provide, if desired, a centrifugal pressure booster in cooperation with a plurality of double acting plungers which are actuated by two parallel swash plates which may be adjusted in angular relation to the pump shaft axis to vary the displacement per revolution of the pump.

Another object is to provide a device of the type set forth and in which the entire plunger or piston stroke is employed for effective pumping thereby giving a theoretical volumetric efficiency of one hundred per cent.

Another object of the invention is to provide a pump of the type set forth which is double acting and employs both sides of the plunger and which takes in fuel during substantially the entire length of the inlet stroke and discharges during substantially the entire delivery stroke and which employs no plunger controlled ports.

Another objects is to provide a device `of the type set forth which avoids the use of any spring or tension members in the plunger driving means thereby providing a relatively simplified and trouble-free construction, and particularly allows considerable simplica-tion in the design of the joints having universal motion which are essential in any swash plate design.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type set forth wherein piston rings are provided on the pumping portion of the plunger to seal saidpor-tion within its bore.

Another object of the invention is to provide such a device wherein fuel is introduced into the housing at one end of the pump at a point near the axis of the pump whereby the` fuel will be forced through the entire length of the pump and, therefore, acts as a cooling and wetting agent for all of the moving parts of the pump.

Another object is to provide a device of the type set forth wherein an internal balancing of forces is employed to eliminate any free axialI forces entirely and reduce free radial forces to a minimum, which balancing eliminates as far as possible the use of bearings which are expensive and heavy and which require additional space thus increasing the size of the device.

Another object is to provide a device of the type set forth wherein free axial forces are reduced by providing an odd number of plungers to provide a non-pulsating flow or discharge.

Another object of the invention is to provide a device of the type set forth wherein a double acting plunger is provided which employs both sides of the pumping portion of the plunger and wherein the plunger rod portions on either side of each plunger pumping portion are of identical diameter so that a given fluid pressure produces the same axial force on either side of each plunger thereby providing axial balance.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will be apparent from the following description taken in connection with the accompanying drawings and it will be understood that changes may be made in the details of construction and arrangement of parts without departing from the scope of the invention as expressed in the accompanying claims.

Referring to the drawings:

Fig. 1 is a rear View of the preferred form of the invention;

Fig. Z is a front view ofthe preferred form of the invention;

Fig. 3 is a view similar to Fig. 1 but showing another form of the invention;

Fig. 4 is a view similar to Fig. 2 but showing the form of invention of Fig. 2;

Fig, 5 is a longitudinal sectional view of the preferred form of the invention;

Fig. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view of the form of the invention shown in Figs. 3 and 4;

Fig. 7 is an isometric view of the form of the invention shown in Figs. 3, 4 and 6;

Fig. 8 is a sectional view taken on line 8-3 of Fig. 6 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 9 is an explodedview ofthe control plate assembly;

Fig. 10 is a perspective view of the valve member;

Fig. 1l is an end View taken on line I I-II of Fig. 10 looking in the direction of the arrows;

Fig. 12 is a sectional View takenon' line I2--I2 of Fig. 10 looking in the dire'ction'ofthe-arrows;

Figs. 13 is a sectional view taken on line I'W--It't of Fig. 10, looking in the direction of the' arrows;

Fig. 14 is a sectional view take'n on li'ne' Ivi-Id of Fig. 10, looking in the direction of the arrows; and

Fig. 15 is a sectional view taken on line I5-I5 of Fig. 10, looking in the'fdir'ection ofthe arrows.

Referring" m'ore particularly to' the drawings wherein similar referenceA characters' designate corresponding parts' throughout', the` device shown embodying' the invention comprises a housing indicated generally at I in which is mounted a rotating plunger housing indicated generally at 2 in which are a plurality of double acting plunger assemblies indicated'A generally at 3.

Within the plungerv housing 2 is` provided the' stationary central valve 4.y

Within the housing I and adjacent the opposite ends of the rotating plunger housing 2 are positioned? the variable swash plates 5 which act to effect the pumping strokes of the double acting plungers in the plunger assemblies 3 and said swash plates may be adjusted to'vary or adjust the' stroke of the plungers in said assemblies.

The housing I of the device is composed of two castings Ia and' I'b secured together by bolts 6', and the member Ib serves also as a mounting flange for mounting the device on an engine in the usual manner.

The member Ih also isv provided with the' fuel inlet pad 'I adapted to be connected to a fuel supply line.. not shown, by the studs 8', and said member Ib is provided with the fuel passageway 9l for supplying fuel to the interior of the housingv I. Fuel enters the housing I, through said passageway 9, and all of the working parts of the device are` submerged in fuel.

Adjacent the opposite end of housing Ia from member I b, saidV housing is provided with the mounting pad' I0 adapted to be connected to a fuel discharge` line, not shown, by means of the studs II. Said mounting pad I0 is provided with a discharge opening I2 through which fuel delivered by the device is delivered through the fuel discharge line to the nozzles.

The mounting pad I'Il is secured to the flange I3 by means of bolts I4 and said flangev I3 is secured to housing Ia by bolts I5.

The spring loaded check valve I3' operated by spring Il is provided in discharge opening I2 to insure a positive back pressure on the device and also to prevent fuel leaking into the discharge line when the supply pressure is turned on.

The housing Ia has been provided with bleed plugs I8 to bleed the entrapped air for any vertical or horizontal mounting.

The fuel inlet pad 'I and fuel outlet pady Ill are so arranged that they can be revolved in increments of sixty degrees or separately through the entire three hundred and sixty degree movement.

The plunger housing assembly 2 is adapted to be revolved about the stationary central valve l by thespline drive shaft I9 which operatively engages the engine for driving said shaft I9 and therethrough driving the plunger housing assembly 2 about said valve 4r which distributes an equal amount of fuel to each plunger during its suction stroke and also .collects the high pressure discharge during the compression stroke and delivers said discharged fuel through a hollow tube to' thev discharge passage I2 as hereinafter described;

The housing' I'. contains the ball bearing 2Q at its front end and roller bearing 2I at its rear end for supporting the rotating plunger housing 2 adjacent its opposite ends and is provided with ak faceV seal 22 for preventing the fuel being pumped from flowing into the lubricating oil of the engine;

The rotating plunger. housing- 2. is bolted to the flanged shaft 23 and. to the flanged. shaft 24 by means' of the: bolts- 2.5.

The flanged'. shaft.- 23.. is supported at its opposite end by the ball. bearing 20 and the flanged shaft 24 is supported at its opposite end by the roller bearingV 2I, whereby the whole rotating plunger housing assembly is mounted for rotation on those bearings.

The plunger housing assembly 2 contains a plurality of spacedcylinders 26 in eachof which is secured a pair of bushings 21 and 28, one at each end of the plunger housing. In each of the cylinders 26 is positioned a double acting plunger 29 which has thecentral portion 30 of enlarged section having. a flexible seal or packing or the three split type piston rings 3| in peripheral grooves therein for sealing across the plunger, and having the two pistonrod portions or crosshead guides 32 and- 334 lapped into the bushings 21 and 28 respectively.

The plunger rod portions 32Y and 33 each have openings adapted to receive one of the tappet rods 34 and 35 respectively. The tappet rod 313 is hollow and contains compression spring 3B which acts to preload the ball. thrust bearing in the quantity control or swash plates as hereinafter described.

Just below the tappet rod 35 is a small check valve 31 which opens during the compression or discharge stroke of the plunger 2 9 and fills the chamber at the end of the tappet rod 35 to hydraulically remove any lash in the plunger assembly, so that itmaintains its correct length during the suction stroke and thus allows the quantity control plate at the front. end of the pump to follow exactly the slant or stroke of the rear quantity control plate as hereinafter. described.

VThe plunger assembly construction thus compensatesy for any variation in individual length of the plungers and also any differences in expansionor contraction of the main casing I which is preferably made. of magnesium and the quantity control plates and plunger assemblies which arev preferably made of steel.

The flanged shaft 2.3 is connected to spline drive shaft I9 through spline drive shaft 33 which is connected tov spline drive shaft I9 by shear pin 39.

Each of the tappet rods 34 and 3-5 have a semicircular depression at its outer end in which is positi'oned a semi-circular thrust shoe 40- having a flat outer face which engages the surface of the thrust plate 4I which is pressed into and rotates with race 42 of ball bearing 43 and race 44 which is pressed onto quantity control plate 45 which has the tracks 45 and 41 adapted to engage the roller bearing 48 and plain bearing 49 which are positioned on the tracks 50 and 5I on saddle 52 which is retained in alignment by pin 53 which is fixed to the housing and extends into opening 54.

Pins 55 extend into grooves or slots 56 in roller bearing 48 and plain bearing 49 to limit the movement of said bearings on the tracks 50 and 5I respectively.

Quantity control plate 45 is provided with pin 51 on which is mounted block 58 which is engaged by control leverl 59 which has the toothed segment 68 engaging gear 6I on shaft 62 which is provided with the spline section 53 adapted to engage the splined end of a control shaft, not shown, for adjusting quantity control lever 59.

Around the rotating plunger housing 2 is positioned the sleeve 54 and Within said housing is the sleeve liner 85 Within which is positioned the stationary central valve 4.

The stationary central valve 4 is connected by the tube or conduit 66 to the discharge or delivery outlet from the device. This tube or conduit 66 is connected at its opposite ends by flexible high pressure joints to the valve 4 and to the flange I3. Each of these flexible high pressure joints comprises a pair of resilient rings 61 backed by a split ring 68 which is retained in position by the snap rings 69 and said tube or conduit 66 is keyed by the keys 'I8 and II at its opposite ends which retains the valve 4 stationary in properly phased relation to the plunger housing.

The stationary central valve 4, as shown in Figs. 5, 6 and 10 to 15 inclusive, has passages 'I2 and 'I3 through which the Working fluid is led l,

to inlet circumferential ports 'I4 and 'I5 to the interior of the spaced cylinders 28 wherein it is pumped by the piston or plunger 38 and then forced through the outlet circumferential grooves IB and 'I'I to the central delivery opening I8 from Which it is forced through tube or conduit B6 to the discharge line as previously described. The ports and SI are provided and function alternately as inlet and outlet ports depending upon the direction in which the plunger is moving.

The thrust produced by the pressure on the portions of the valve opposite the pressure ports I6 and 'I1 is Wholly or partially balanced by the fluid pressure in the balancing port I8 which is connected with delivery duct 18.

In the operation of the device fuel passes into the housing I through the fuel passageway 9 and the interior of the housing I is completely lled with fuel at all times which passes through the passageways 80 and 8I to the chamber 82 from which it passes through the passage- Ways 'I2 and 13 to the inlet ports 'I4 and I5 and 90 or 9| which supply fuel to the plunger housings in which it is acted upon by the double ended plungers which then force said fuel through said ports 90 or SI into the outlets 'I6 and 'I'I to the central delivery opening I8 from which it passes through the duct or conduit 66 through the discharge opening I2 to the nozzles.

By adjusting the control lever 59, the angular position of the quantity control members may be varied to vary the quantity of fuel pumped by the plungers 30, and, therefore, control th quantity of fuel delivered by the device.

which is the largest in area, urges the quantity control plate towards the off stroke position. The pressure for the operation of these servos is supplied from the fuel discharge of the pump through pipe lines 85 and 86. The position of the servo piston B3 is controlled by a slide valve 81 which limits the stroke or position of its sleeve piston 83. The position of the slide valve 81 is controlled by a control system which is part of the control system for the engine on Which the device is employed.

In this form of the device the spring loaded stops 88 and 89 are provided to provide a cushion against overload of the actuator gear at the end of the stroke.

The form of the invention shown in. Fig. 6 operates in a manner similar to that previously described except for the control system Which is controlled by the hydraulically actuated pistons as previously described.

While, as shown in Fig. 8, the device has been shown embodying five plungers, this has been shown by Way of illustration and it will be understood that any desired practical number may be employed although for reasons of hydraulic balance it has been found desirable to employ an odd number thereof.

As the whole interior of the housing I is completely filled With fuel, all the Working parts of the device are, therefore, submerged in fuel.

The ball thrust bearing and needle bearing in the quantity control plate are lubricated and cooled by the fuel that flows through the device.

Also, While quantity control plates are positioned at each end of the device for varying the stroke of the plungers and effecting pumping thereby, only one of said plates needs connection with the control lever as the other plate will be automatically adjusted to proper angular position upon adjustment of the plate connected to the control lever.

It is pointed out that the device actually functions as a fuel injection pump and is of the steady flow or continuous outlet type adapted to supply such flow to a flow splitting device which, in turn, distributes part of the flow to each of the burner nozzles, or to supply such flow to a manifold from which it is distributed to the burner nozzles. Also, the metering device varies the quantity delivered at any desired pressure from zero to maximum delivery.

Also, Jche Whole interior of the pump is normally lled with fuel under supply pump pressure, and is intended for gasoline injection but is also adaptable for pumping kerosene and other fuels and other liquids.

As pointed out above, the quantity of fuel delivered by the device is varied by varying the angular position of the swash plates and the greater the angle, the greater the quantity of fuel delivered. The pressure of the pump is controlled by the ow splitter and the nozzle.

It will be noted that by providing fuel passages in the housing the rotation of the plunger housing will provide a boost action to the fuel, that 7 is, the plunger housing will function in the manner of a centrifugal booster pump. This booster action can be increased by removal of the outer shell 64 from the plunger housing which would .then have a vane or paddle wheel outerV surface and thus would increase the pressure of the fuel upon rotation of said plunger housing.

From the foregoing it will be seen that we have provided relatively simple and eincient means for obtaining all of the objects and advantages of the invention.

Having described our invention, we claim:

l. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, said plungers each comprising a piston portion and oppositely disposed reduced hollow end portions,r a tappet rod extending into each of said hollow end portions, and a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said tappet rods and thereby effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders upon rotation of said plunger housing.

2. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, said plungers each comprising Va piston portion and oppositely disposed reduced hollow end portions, a tappet rod extending into each of said hollow end portions, one of said tap- U pet rods being hollow and containing a compression spring and a check valve in the plunger adjacent the end of the other tappet rod, and a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said tappet J rods and therebyy effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders upon rotation of said plunger housing.

3. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, said plungers each comprising a piston portion and oppositely disposed reduced hollow end portions, a tappet rod extending into each of said hollow end portions, each of said reduced portions being positioned in a bushing and a plurality of spaced pis-ton rings in the periphery of said piston portion, and a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said tappet rodsand thereby effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders upon rotation of said plunger housing.

4. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing andadapted to effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders, said plunger housing comprising a pair of oppositely dis.- posed flanged shafts and a bushing adjacent each end of each of said cylinders, means for retaining said bushings in said position, and means for securing said bush-ings and flanged shafts in aligned relation.

5. In a device of the character described, a

housing having fuel inletand discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders, said plunger housing comprising a pair of oppositely disposed flangedl shafts and a bushing adjacent each end of each of said cylinders, means for retaining said bushings in said position, and means for securing said bushings and flanged shafts in aligned relation, and ball bearings surrounding each of said flanged shafts and positioned between said swash plates and said plungers.

6.. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, a swash plate at each end of` said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders, said plunger housing comprising a pair of oppositely disposed flanged shafts and a bushing adjacent each end of each of said cylinders, means for retaining said bushings in said position, and means for securing said bushings and flanged shafts in aligned relation, and a stationary valve member Within said plunger housing and adapted to de liver fuel to said fuel discharge means.

'7. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders, said plunger housing comprising a pair of oppositely disposed flanged shafts and a bushing adjacent each end of each of said cylinders, means for retaining said bushings in said position, and means for securing said bushings and anged shafts in aligned relation, and ball bearings surrounding each of said hanged shafts and positioned between said swash plates and said plungers, and a stationary valve member within said plunger housing and adapted to deliver fuel to said fuel discharge means. Y

8. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, said plungers each comprising a piston portion and oppositely disposed reduced hollow end portions, a tappet rod extending into each of said hollow end portions, and a check valve in the plunger adjacent the end of one of said tappet rods, and a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said tappet rods and thereby effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders upon rotation of said plunger housing.

9. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, said plungers each comprising a piston portion and oppositely disposed reduced hollow end portions, a tappet rod extending into each of said hollow end portions, and an inwardly opening check valve adjacent the end of one 9 of said tappet rods, and a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said tappet rods and thereby effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinn ders upon rotation of said plunger housing.

10. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, said plungers being double acting and comprising a piston portion and crosshead guides extending therefrom, and a tappet rod engaging said crosshead guides, and a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said tappet rods and thereby effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders upon rotation of said plunger housing.

11. In a device of the character described, a housing having fuel inlet and discharge means, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, said plungers being double acting and comprising a piston portion and crosshead guides extending therefrom, and a tappet rod engaging said crosshead guides, and a check valve adjacent one end of said crosshead guides, and a sWash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said tappet rods and thereby effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders upon rotation of said plunger housing.

12. In a device of the character described, a

l0 housing having fuel inlet and discharge ilneans, a plunger housing in said housing and mounted for rotation relative thereto, said plunger housing having a plurality of cylinders, a plunger in each of said cylinders, said plungers being double act ing and comprising a piston portion and cross head guides extending therefrom, and a tappet rod engaging said crosshead guides, and a check` valve adjacent one end of said crosshead guides and comprising a piston portion and crosshead guides extending therefrom and flexible sealing means on the periphery of said piston portion, and a swash plate at each end of said plunger housing and adapted to effect reciprocation of said tappet rods and thereby effect reciprocation of said plungers in said cylinders upon rotation of said plunger housing.

MARTIN J. BERLYN. CARL H. NYSTROM.

REFERENCES CITED The following references are of record in the file of this patent:

UNITED STATES PATENTS Number Name Date 1,418,951 Martin June 6, 1922 2,087,567 Blum July 20, 193'? 2,293,693 Wylie Aug. 18, 1942 2,299,235 Shader et al Oct.4 20, 1942 FOREIGN PATENTS Number Country lDate 245,099 Germany 1910 549,302 Great Britain 1942 885,008 France 1943 

